Slavery Essay -- Slavery Essays

Slavery Slavery in America brought about a successful south but also proved to be one of the most terrible things done by humans to humans. Slavery became a way of life in early America. Eight out of the first twelve presidents owned slaves. People in the south benefited from slaves the most. Harvesting those huge cotton fields took many hands. That’s were the slaves became key to the success of the south. Slaves were predominately black Africans. Africans made up the majority but they were not the only ones. Native Americans and even English indentured servants made up the rest of the people put into slavery. There are two different kinds of slaves. There are slaves that stayed in the house and took care of the families, and there were the slaves that worked the land. Domestic slaves were usually women and children. Mean and young boys made up the farm hands. These men worked from sunrise to sundown. Working outside was by far the worst of the two. Some slaves didn’t fall under these to types there were slaves that served as guides, trappers, craft workers and nurses. Jobs that people do not relate slaves with. Slaves had different jobs depending on what of the country they were sent to. Slaves in the north generally worked in the mills and clearing forest. Slaves in the south worked the farms all year. Up north slaves only had to work the farms in the summer months because of the rigorous winters they went through. Domestic slaves stayed in the house picked up after the family, cooked and served meals, cleaned and kept up with the daily chores of the house. It was easier than w orking outside. Slaves were treated as property. Owners had the right to do whatever they wanted to them. They were property, not people. Owners would have the white farm hands stand in the fields and make sure the slaves were working as fast and hard as they could. If they weren’t working as hard as they could and a white farmhand saw it. The slaves would be beaten, and sometimes in severe cases killed. When the owner wasn’t around slaves could interact with each other. Families that came over on the boats were ripped apart at the auction blocks. They were thrown together not knowing each other and had to form some kind of structure to their personal lives. Younger men and women and children looked up the older men and women as parents. Slaves would be put in... ...hat captains could get their hands on. The owners of the ships had to keep the slaves in pretty good shape to get top dollar for them. The white deck hands would bring the slaves on deck and go through and exercise they called â€Å"dance.† The men were forced to jump until the shackles broke they skin on their ankles. The women and children who were not shackled could dance to a rhythm. Slaves enjoyed their exercise because it was the only time they were aloud to move around. If the slaves refused to dance they were beaten with whips. The whips were called â€Å"cat-o-nine-tails† they were made up of nine cords covered with tar; each cord had a knot at the end. When bad weather hit it became very rough for the slaves. The slaves were not aloud to come up on the deck. This is where disease and filth ran through the slaves. In conclusion, slavery although was a big part of the rise of this country. It was looking back, one of the most terrible things done by humans to other humans. Learning from our mistakes took a long time. The Civil War was the point in our history where everyone realized that you could not treat people like animals. That everyone is looked upon as equals.

Happiest Day of My Life Essay

I was excited to the nerve that my father was finally in town and even more when he informed me that he has been given free tickets to the fifa world cup finals 2010 between Spain and Netherlands . i was absolutely thrilled to hear this from him. I am a huge Spain fan as I absolutely adore the club. I was very keyed up about watching Fabregas , David Villa and of course Torres in person as I am a big fan of these players. We took the flight to Johannesburg just the next morning as we had planned. We reached the marvelous place which looked even more marvelous during this FIFA season. We decided to tour the city and went to the nearest shopping mall Oriental Plaza. While on the way to the place my father informed me that this was the city where Mahatama Gandhi stayed 100 years ago. The mall was so named because it gives a taste of the orient in Africa. After this we headed to the stadium. My first impression when I arrived at the stadium was one of awe. A number of people outside the stadium appeared to be singing. I purchased a vuvuzela, got the Spanish flag painted on my face and then proceeded into the stadium and found my seat and felt content I had a good enough view of the pitch. The time for the match came and I grew extremely enthusiastic. The match had a large number of fouls, with both the teams playing equally rough. So much that although the goal scores remained 0-0, the yellow card scores kept raising. The match referee Howard Webb of England had a tough time and the final count was 14 yellow and 1 red card, Netherlands winning here 8-5. The score was 0-0 for the entire 90 minutes of the game and the first 30 minutes extra time as well, with Spain having 57% ball possession and 18 shots with 8 of them on target. Netherlands had 43% possession and 13 total shots with 5 on target. The bookings continued after the break . The dutch had a glorious chance to take the lead in the second half but Arjen Robben, comfortably his team’s strongest attacking weapon, could find no way past Spain captain Iker Casillas. I was at the edge of my seat when in the 116th minute Cesc Fabregas’s pass to the young midfielder Iniesta who struck it into the net making their captain and goal keeper Iker Casillas drop to the floor and cry out tears of joy after the final whistle. This made Spain the first team to win a World Cup after losing their opening game of the tournament. And once again the German octopus Paul Allen’s predictions came true. Then Spain was honoured with the 6. 175kg gold trophy. The Man of the Match was obvoiusly awarded to Andres Iniesta it was followed by a loud roar. And the prestigious Golden Glove Award to their captain and goalkeeper Iker Casillas. The Golden Shoe Award as well as the Best Young Player Award was given to Thomas Mueller of Germany and the Golden Ball was awarded to Diego Forlan of Uruguay.

Business Structures

1 The Desert Enterprise Runing caput: Case survey for the desert endeavor. The Desert Enterprise Abstraction In this instance survey I discuss about the effect of alteration from partnership to incorporation and frailty versa in footings of advantages and disadvantages. The struggles arises when engaging a direction squad and its solution. Amount of net income generated by company and the benefits from company’s portion monetary value. Besides, portion monetary value maximization and attachment to societal and ethical criterions. 1- Discuss the effects of the proposed alteration from a partnership to a corporation in footings of advantages and disadvantages. There are many significances of the suggested alteration from a partnership to a corporation because both partnership and corporation has its ain advantages and disadvantages. In partnership one has to unite his fiscal resources with his spouse. Establish footings with your concern spouse and mark specific concern understanding to protect yourself in instance of any dissension or closing. In partnership both net income and loss has to be shared by both the spouses as per define in concern understanding. Business understanding is developed in the aid of attorney which ensures that:You are screening your securities.Footings of partnership are clearly established work outing the concerns like net income division, fade outing the company, etc.Encounter lawful status for restricted partnership.While corporation is another type of concern. It is done at regional or province degree. When concern is incorporated it means now it is legal entity and is disjointed from shareholders and owners. Before integrating it is better to seek legal advice as you will non be personally responsible for the arrears, duties and Acts of the Apostless of the organisation. In partnership method it is easy to get down partnership as both the spouses has to portion the cost for get downing concern. Share is divided every bit either in direction, net incomes and assets or in losingss and liabilities and debts. It besides has revenue enhancement advantage as you and your spouse has to pay revenue enhancement jointly. But there is no lawful change refering you and your concern. You have to utilize your personal assets to minimise your concern debts. There is a possibility of developing struggles between you and your spouse. You are accountable for the concern determinations prepared by your spouse as it effects you financially for illustration broken contracts. Although in corporate method duties are limited. You can reassign proprietary. Corporation will hold on-going being. It is easier to increase capital in such a concern. Taxs are besides low for an integrated concern. Despite that corporation is purely structured. More dearly-won than partnership or lone proprietary. There is a opportunity of struggle between managers and stockholders. Residency of manager can besides make job It means that if we switch from one to another so possibly we face some jobs and failing at some points and on the other manus we besides find some strength and net income in some points. For illustration in partnership there are more than one concern proprietor while in corporation there is merely one proprietor. It means that it is hard to reassign ownership so we consider it as disadvantage. While in corporation it is advantage as it is easy to reassign ownership in it. 2- Describe potency bureau conflicts that can originate when engaging a direction squad and suggest possible solutions. When chief hires some agent to execute a undertaking, it is set uping an bureau relationship. But when the incentives of the negotiant do non aline with those of the principal this consequences in bureau struggles. There are two primary bureau relationship:Directors and investorsDirectors and creditorsShareholder versus Directors:Conflict between directors and investors/ shareholders arises when directors holds less than 100 % of the company’s common stock.Sometimes director may do some determinations that brush with its best involvements of the shareholder for illustration directors may progress their organisations to get away a coup d'etat effort to increase their personal occupation safety. Though, a coup d'etat may be in the shareholders ‘ finest involvement.Stockholders versus creditors: Creditors decide to impart money to a house centered on the hazardousness of the company, its investing construction and its possible investing construction. These all issues will upset the company ‘s latent hard currency flow, which is a creditors ‘ chief concern. Though, shareholder have control on such determinations along with the directors. As shareholders will do picks founded on their ain best involvements, a possible bureau job takes topographic point between the shareholders and creditors. For illustration, directors could borrow money to buy back portions to maximise stockholder return and decreases corporation shareholder’s base. In this instance Muhammad would wish to engage a squad with cosmopolitan accomplishments indispensable to implement his concern visual image. May be he has to confront troubles sing direction squad as this is wholly new to the company and doesn’t know everything about company. Its mean that he should depict everything about company and so they besides have to make up one's mind either they want to work with you or non and this will besides consequences in wastage of clip to finish his undertaking. Harmonizing to my point of position it is better to develop your hired squad and topographic point strategy and functions for all and sundry should involvement to meet the company objectives. 3- Determine the sum of hard currency the company would bring forth from. Does it count to the company whether the portion monetary value rises subsequent to the IPO? Who benefits from an addition in the company ‘s portion monetary value? The sum of hard currency the company is traveling to bring forth is 5 million issuing portions at BD4. 5 ten 4=20M. Its affairs to the company whether if the portion monetary value is increased following to the IPO ( initial public offering ) . Raising money requires high portion monetary value for any company. As that will let them to publish less portions for sum they want. And if portion monetary value beads so they had to publish more portion on the same sum therefore when portion monetary value additions net income additions and when portion monetary value lessenings net income lessenings and therefore loss takes topographic point. Basically in IPO ( initial public offering ) or APO ( extra public offering ) status investors propose a auxiliary figure of portions of equity in the concern. These portions are all equal so when you buy a portion from company it means you are purchasing some fraction of the company equivalent to that of anyone else who grips one interest of that company. The amount of all portions is equal to full value of that company. Now all these portions are non for public. Largely companies have the bulk of the portions possessed by little figure of pull offing involvements. Now when company want to do money high portion monetary value at the clip of issue is best instance. As company make money when portion merchandising is in its initial phase as when it moves towards 3rd party so company will non acquire any net income. And besides the worth of stock flexible joint on on its demand in market. Fewer portion of the company available in market more the cost it consumes. So the shareholder and stockholders will be successful to acquire net income from an addition in the company’s portion monetary value at its primary sale. As after that it will travel towards 3rd party and the net income of that portion goes to the marketer non to the company. 4- Do you see a trade-off between a company ‘s focal point on portion monetary value maximization and the attachment to societal and ethical criterions? Business moralss are applied in order to vouch that a definite required degree of trust exists between consumers and several signifiers of market members with traffics. For illustration, a portfolio director has to give the same attending to the mixtures of household members and little separate depositors. Such Acts of the Apostless show that public is treated reasonably as investors and stockholders are treated. Yes I see a trade-off between company’s focal point on portion monetary value maximization and the attachment to societal and ethical criterions as in addition in the monetary value of goods and services effects the societal and ethical criterions. That’s mean those clients who have limited net incomes will affected by the company. As to increase company net income it is good to maintain cheque and balance between company’s need and customer’s demand. If you increase portion monetary value so off class it will non be low-cost by low monetary value investors or low income populace. This will bring forth a negative consequence on common public. To maintain interact with common public it is our duty to understand their demands besides. So there are many ways to get the better of such state of affairss. You can present more such offers to fulfill low income consumers. So for this via media takes topographic point between company portion monetary value maximization and attachment to societal and ethical criterions. Mentions: complete usher to corporate finance. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved from www.investopedia.com: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.investopedia.com/walkthrough/corporate-finance/1/agency-problem.aspx stackexchange. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved from personal finanace and money: hypertext transfer protocol: //money.stackexchange.com/questions/16491/how-does-a-high-share-price-benefit-a-company-when-it-is-raising-funds Retrieved from reply: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.answers.com/topic/business-ethics Business Structures 1 The Desert Enterprise Runing caput: Case survey for the desert endeavor. The Desert Enterprise Abstraction In this instance survey I discuss about the effect of alteration from partnership to incorporation and frailty versa in footings of advantages and disadvantages. The struggles arises when engaging a direction squad and its solution. Amount of net income generated by company and the benefits from company’s portion monetary value. Besides, portion monetary value maximization and attachment to societal and ethical criterions. 1- Discuss the effects of the proposed alteration from a partnership to a corporation in footings of advantages and disadvantages. There are many significances of the suggested alteration from a partnership to a corporation because both partnership and corporation has its ain advantages and disadvantages. In partnership one has to unite his fiscal resources with his spouse. Establish footings with your concern spouse and mark specific concern understanding to protect yourself in instance of any dissension or closing. In partnership both net income and loss has to be shared by both the spouses as per define in concern understanding. Business understanding is developed in the aid of attorney which ensures that:You are screening your securities.Footings of partnership are clearly established work outing the concerns like net income division, fade outing the company, etc.Encounter lawful status for restricted partnership.While corporation is another type of concern. It is done at regional or province degree. When concern is incorporated it means now it is legal entity and is disjointed from shareholders and owners. Before integrating it is better to seek legal advice as you will non be personally responsible for the arrears, duties and Acts of the Apostless of the organisation. In partnership method it is easy to get down partnership as both the spouses has to portion the cost for get downing concern. Share is divided every bit either in direction, net incomes and assets or in losingss and liabilities and debts. It besides has revenue enhancement advantage as you and your spouse has to pay revenue enhancement jointly. But there is no lawful change refering you and your concern. You have to utilize your personal assets to minimise your concern debts. There is a possibility of developing struggles between you and your spouse. You are accountable for the concern determinations prepared by your spouse as it effects you financially for illustration broken contracts. Although in corporate method duties are limited. You can reassign proprietary. Corporation will hold on-going being. It is easier to increase capital in such a concern. Taxs are besides low for an integrated concern. Despite that corporation is purely structured. More dearly-won than partnership or lone proprietary. There is a opportunity of struggle between managers and stockholders. Residency of manager can besides make job It means that if we switch from one to another so possibly we face some jobs and failing at some points and on the other manus we besides find some strength and net income in some points. For illustration in partnership there are more than one concern proprietor while in corporation there is merely one proprietor. It means that it is hard to reassign ownership so we consider it as disadvantage. While in corporation it is advantage as it is easy to reassign ownership in it. 2- Describe potency bureau conflicts that can originate when engaging a direction squad and suggest possible solutions. When chief hires some agent to execute a undertaking, it is set uping an bureau relationship. But when the incentives of the negotiant do non aline with those of the principal this consequences in bureau struggles. There are two primary bureau relationship:Directors and investorsDirectors and creditorsShareholder versus Directors:Conflict between directors and investors/ shareholders arises when directors holds less than 100 % of the company’s common stock.Sometimes director may do some determinations that brush with its best involvements of the shareholder for illustration directors may progress their organisations to get away a coup d'etat effort to increase their personal occupation safety. Though, a coup d'etat may be in the shareholders ‘ finest involvement.Stockholders versus creditors: Creditors decide to impart money to a house centered on the hazardousness of the company, its investing construction and its possible investing construction. These all issues will upset the company ‘s latent hard currency flow, which is a creditors ‘ chief concern. Though, shareholder have control on such determinations along with the directors. As shareholders will do picks founded on their ain best involvements, a possible bureau job takes topographic point between the shareholders and creditors. For illustration, directors could borrow money to buy back portions to maximise stockholder return and decreases corporation shareholder’s base. In this instance Muhammad would wish to engage a squad with cosmopolitan accomplishments indispensable to implement his concern visual image. May be he has to confront troubles sing direction squad as this is wholly new to the company and doesn’t know everything about company. Its mean that he should depict everything about company and so they besides have to make up one's mind either they want to work with you or non and this will besides consequences in wastage of clip to finish his undertaking. Harmonizing to my point of position it is better to develop your hired squad and topographic point strategy and functions for all and sundry should involvement to meet the company objectives. 3- Determine the sum of hard currency the company would bring forth from. Does it count to the company whether the portion monetary value rises subsequent to the IPO? Who benefits from an addition in the company ‘s portion monetary value? The sum of hard currency the company is traveling to bring forth is 5 million issuing portions at BD4. 5 ten 4=20M. Its affairs to the company whether if the portion monetary value is increased following to the IPO ( initial public offering ) . Raising money requires high portion monetary value for any company. As that will let them to publish less portions for sum they want. And if portion monetary value beads so they had to publish more portion on the same sum therefore when portion monetary value additions net income additions and when portion monetary value lessenings net income lessenings and therefore loss takes topographic point. Basically in IPO ( initial public offering ) or APO ( extra public offering ) status investors propose a auxiliary figure of portions of equity in the concern. These portions are all equal so when you buy a portion from company it means you are purchasing some fraction of the company equivalent to that of anyone else who grips one interest of that company. The amount of all portions is equal to full value of that company. Now all these portions are non for public. Largely companies have the bulk of the portions possessed by little figure of pull offing involvements. Now when company want to do money high portion monetary value at the clip of issue is best instance. As company make money when portion merchandising is in its initial phase as when it moves towards 3rd party so company will non acquire any net income. And besides the worth of stock flexible joint on on its demand in market. Fewer portion of the company available in market more the cost it consumes. So the shareholder and stockholders will be successful to acquire net income from an addition in the company’s portion monetary value at its primary sale. As after that it will travel towards 3rd party and the net income of that portion goes to the marketer non to the company. 4- Do you see a trade-off between a company ‘s focal point on portion monetary value maximization and the attachment to societal and ethical criterions? Business moralss are applied in order to vouch that a definite required degree of trust exists between consumers and several signifiers of market members with traffics. For illustration, a portfolio director has to give the same attending to the mixtures of household members and little separate depositors. Such Acts of the Apostless show that public is treated reasonably as investors and stockholders are treated. Yes I see a trade-off between company’s focal point on portion monetary value maximization and the attachment to societal and ethical criterions as in addition in the monetary value of goods and services effects the societal and ethical criterions. That’s mean those clients who have limited net incomes will affected by the company. As to increase company net income it is good to maintain cheque and balance between company’s need and customer’s demand. If you increase portion monetary value so off class it will non be low-cost by low monetary value investors or low income populace. This will bring forth a negative consequence on common public. To maintain interact with common public it is our duty to understand their demands besides. So there are many ways to get the better of such state of affairss. You can present more such offers to fulfill low income consumers. So for this via media takes topographic point between company portion monetary value maximization and attachment to societal and ethical criterions. Mentions: complete usher to corporate finance. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved from www.investopedia.com: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.investopedia.com/walkthrough/corporate-finance/1/agency-problem.aspx stackexchange. ( n.d. ) . Retrieved from personal finanace and money: hypertext transfer protocol: //money.stackexchange.com/questions/16491/how-does-a-high-share-price-benefit-a-company-when-it-is-raising-funds Retrieved from reply: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.answers.com/topic/business-ethics

How Static Fields in Java Work

How Static Fields in Java Work There can be times when its useful to have values that are shared across all instances of a particular class. Static fields and static constants enable this type of sharing by belonging to the class and not to the actual objects. The Static Modifier Normally fields and methods defined in a class can be used only when an object of that class type has been created. For example, consider a simple Item class that keeps track of goods in a store: public class Item {   Ã‚  private String itemName;   Ã‚  public Item(String itemName)   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.itemName itemName;   Ã‚  }   Ã‚  public String getItemName()   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  return itemName;   Ã‚  } } To be able to use the getItemName() method, we must first create an Item object, in this case, catFood: public class StaticExample {   Ã‚  public static void main(String[] args) {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Item catFood new Item(Whiskas);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  System.out.println(catFood.getItemName());   Ã‚  } } However, if the static modifier is included in a field or method declaration, no instance of the class is required in order to use the field or method - they are  associated with the class and not an individual object. If you look back at the above example, you will see that the static modifier is already being used in the main method declaration: public static void main(String[] args) { The main method is a static method that does not require an object to exist before it can be called. As main() is the starting point for any Java application, there are in fact no objects already in existence to call it. You could, if you felt like having a program that continually calls itself, do this: public class StaticExample {   Ã‚  public static void main(String[] args) {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  String[] s {random,string};   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  StaticExample.main(s);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  } } Not very useful, but notice how the main() method can be called without an instance of a StaticExample class. What Is a Static Field? Static fields are also known as class fields. They are simply fields that have the static modifier in their declarations. For example, lets go back to the Item class and add a static field: public class Item {   Ã‚  //static field uniqueId   Ã‚  private static int uniqueId 1;   Ã‚  private int itemId;   Ã‚  private String itemName;   Ã‚  public Item(String itemName)   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.itemName itemName;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  itemId uniqueId;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  uniqueId;   Ã‚  } } The fields itemId and itemName are normal non-static fields. When an instance of an Item class is created, these fields will have values that are held inside that object. If another Item object is created, it too will have itemId and itemName fields for storing values. The uniqueId static field, however, holds a value that will be the same across all Item objects. If there are 100 Item objects, there will be 100 instances of the itemId and itemName fields, but only one uniqueId static field. In the above example, uniqueId is used to give each Item object a unique number. This is easy to do if every Item object that is created takes the current value in the uniqueId static field and then increments it by one. The use of a static field means that each object does not need to know about the other objects to get a unique id. This could be useful if you wanted to know the order in which the Item objects were created. What Is a Static Constant? Static constants are exactly like static fields except that their values cannot be changed. In the field declaration, the final and static modifiers are both used. For example, perhaps the Item class should impose a restriction on the length of the itemName. We could create a static constant maxItemNameLength: public class Item {   Ã‚  private static int id 1;   Ã‚  public static final int maxItemNameLength 20;   Ã‚  private int itemId;   Ã‚  private String itemName;   Ã‚  public Item(String itemName)   Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  if (itemName.length() maxItemNameLength)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.itemName itemName.substring(0,20);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  }   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  else   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  this.itemName itemName;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  }   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  itemId id;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  id;   Ã‚  } } As with static fields, static constants are associated with the class rather than an individual object: public class StaticExample {   Ã‚  public static void main(String[] args) {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Item catFood new Item(Whiskas);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  System.out.println(catFood.getItemName());   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  System.out.println(Item.maxItemNameLength);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  } } There are two important things to notice about the maxItemNameLength static constant: It is declared as a public field. Generally its a bad idea to make a field public in any class you design but in this case, it doesnt matter. The value of the constant cannot be changed.The static constant is used from the class name Item, not an Item object. Static constants can be seen throughout the Java API. For example, the integer wrapper class has two that store the maximum and minimum values an int data type can have: System.out.println(The max value for int is: Integer.MAX_VALUE); System.out.println(The min value for int is: Integer.MIN_VALUE); Output: The max value for int is: 2147483647 The min value for int is: -2147483648

Ecological Footprint essays

Ecological Footprint essays As you read down through my ecological footprint summary, you can see that there is a huge problem with the amount of resources that I use. If everyone lived like me, there would be a need for six and a half planets to keep the system of our vast planet from shutting down. We all grew up with buzz words like acid rain, ozone layer, global warming, Exxon Valdez, Cheronobyl, and so on. We didn't have to learn about the environmental movement, we were born into it. The big reason why you should buy locally produced food is simple,trucks spew exhaust and trucks that travel further spew more exhaust. Favour products that are produced locally less distance means less pollution It's a matter of math that a reduced meat lifestyle has less impact on the environment. It takes 4 lbs of cereal grains to make 1 lb of chicken; eating meat is essentially an inefficient way of eating vegetable products. When we eat grains in this manner, much more has to be produced then we really needthat means more pesticides, more water wasted, more transportation, etc. It's true that a lot of beef cattle just range on grass but there are still the issues of methane (one of the most potent greenhouse gases) from livestock, antibiotics in our food, soil erosion, and the treatment of animals An "Ecological Footprint" is a measure of the "load" imposed on the natural environment by a given population and represents the land area necessary to sustain current levels of resource consumption and waste discharge by the population. Human activities such as eating, traveling, heating homes, and purchasing consumer items all contribute to ecological footprints. Yet, the Earth's population grows by nearly 100 million people each year. And all over the planet ,productive ecosystems and farms are being converted into subdivisions, parking lots, industrial parks, shopping malls and highways - all ecological wastelands.the automobile, fast a ...

Gratitude as a Ritual Expressing Thanks on Thanksgiving

Gratitude as a Ritual Expressing Thanks on Thanksgiving What do you think of when you think of â€Å"rituals†? For me, the word conjures up Shabbat dinners, Passover seders, and lighting the Hannukah menorah. Growing up in a Jewish household, we observed these rituals at the proper time on the calendar, and I always found they were an opportunity to take a step back from the other routines of life and reflect on the theme of the holiday. With Thanksgiving coming, many of us are preparing for a popular ritual: A big dinner, likely comprised of turkey (or Tofurkey), cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie, amongst other goodies. In the air is a general sense that the theme is gratitude. But do you actually take time to express your gratitude on Thanksgiving, or do you just stuff yourself silly? And do you find yourself uplifted during this season, or like so many, do sadness and anxiety creep in? Expressing Thanks on Thanksgiving In my family, we usually go around the Thanksgiving table at some point and each say something we’re grateful for. I like this ritual. Expressing gratitude is scientifically proven through positive psychology research to increase happiness. It gives us a sense of our own goodness (it’s sure more self-affirming than complaining!) as well as a recognition of the good things around us. I have noticed that there’s often a level of discomfort in expressing gratitude publicly, even amongst family. But everyone still does it and I always feel more connected with the family after we express our gratitude. People often give thanks for food and health, for something that has happened in the past, or for being safe given specific world events. This year, the sense of gratitude will be very real given that I will be with my sister’s in-laws who have family in Puerto Rico. It occurs to me that there is also a deeper level we can reach: a direct personal expression. I’m inspired this year to bring a deeper aspect of gratitude to our Thanksgiving ritual. A New Gratitude Ritual? There’s a video series on the Science of Happiness that came out in 2013 and that for some reason I just saw for the first time last week. The experiment in the video was based, I believe, on research by Martis E.P. Seligman, who found that people who wrote and delivered letters of gratitude exhibited a huge increase in happiness compared to a control group. In the video, individuals were asked to write a letter to a person who influenced them and then to read it to that person. Before and after the exercise, their happiness was tested. Overall, there was a strong trend toward more happiness after the individuals read their letters to their recipients. This has me thinking, what if we take time this Thanksgiving to appreciate someone in the room who has made a difference in our lives, in addition to the standard things we’re grateful for? To me, that will make for an even more memorable Thanksgiving and will likely start out my holiday season- and the holidays of anyone who participates- with a higher happiness quotient. What’s in Your Gratitude Basket? What are you grateful for this holiday season? Who will be at your Thanksgiving table to whom you want to offer gratitude for the way they’ve influenced your life? Are you willing to go the extra step to express your feelings to them? And if you won’t be with someone who fits that category, would you be willing to write a letter and read it to the recipient? Let’s get the gratitude ball rolling, and bring it into all aspects of our lives. Into our home, our relationships, and our workplaces. The science shows we’ll all have more well-being, motivation, and overall success. In that spirit, thank you for reading my blog week after week, letting me know I make a difference, and inspiring me to bring my thoughts and creativity to life. You give me a weekly boost in my own gratitude and happiness. Thank you and enjoy your Thanksgiving ritual! Did you enjoy this article? Sign up for my Life and Leadership e-list for more inspiring articles like this one.

Briefly discuss how multinational companies use ERP systems to process Essay

Briefly discuss how multinational companies use ERP systems to process transactions and provide information for stakeholders - Essay Example the enterprise resource planning (ERP) have always been used to collect, store, manage and interpret data from different functional divisions and roles of the organization (Daneva and Wieringa, 2009). Processing transactions within the organisation with the use of the ERP has been known to involve three major types of services which are consulting, customisation and support (Ceiton Technologies, 2013). Through these three processes, it is possible to integrate transactions in the areas of transactional database, management portal, search, workflow management, external access, and business intelligence system. For multinational companies, the estimated time to complete consulting has been noted to take a year (Daneva and Wieringa, 2009). Customisation has also been noted to involve even more time as it requires that each client will have an implementation process that suit their specific work need. In several multinational companies, processing transactions which are done under the three services mentioned earlier will be undertaken in a cyclical manner involving process preparation, configuration, customisation, extensions, and data migration. In most multinational companies, the use of ERP is directly connected to supply chain management and value chain systems. Meanwhile, these are two business activities that are not performed in isolation but in relation to both internal and external stakeholders (Holden Leadership Center, 2009). Because of this, reporting information from the implementation of ERP has always been a necessity for multinational companies. As an effective way to report information to stakeholders, three major models that come together to for the general model of an ERP system are used. These are workflow automation, electronic mail, and database creation. Under the workflow automation, there is the automation of the company’s work activities which is directly reported to the systems of all concerned stakeholders. This is usually backed up